Abstract
Wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used in national defense, military and security, environmental monitoring and
many other fields. It’s of great significance to design WSN which consumes little energy but supports service quality flexibly and
effectively. To further improve the performance of WSN, this article, focusing on aspects of low energy consumption and long
life cycle of the WSN and taking energy limits and coverage requirements in WSN into account, attributes the coverage control
problem of WSN to a multi-objective nonlinear programing proble. A mathematical model for multi-objective nonlinear
programming problem is established and a virtual force optimization algorithm based on energy-saving is presented in this
article. Sensor nodes and target coverage areas of virtual force operations and nodes of virtual force operations are carried out at
the same time for energy saving so as to realize the optimization of coverage control technology. In terms of network routing
optimization, taking QoS requirements, topology structure of the network and energy consumption into consideration, this article
puts forward the hierarchical ecological niche ACA to optimize routing technology to analyze energy and realize simultion.
Finally, advantages of the new optimization strategy on the enhancement of the network lifetime are illustrated.